DNA transfection Mammalian cells Immortalized cell lines

Get tips on using EMD Millipore™ Chemicon™ CpGenome™ Universal DNA Modification Kit to perform DNA methylation profiling Gene specific profiling - HepG2 FHIT

Get tips on using EMD Millipore™ Chemicon™ CpGenome™ Universal DNA Modification Kit to perform DNA methylation profiling Gene specific profiling - Hep3B SFRP3

Get tips on using Cell Counting Kit-8 to perform Cell cytotoxicity / Proliferation assay cell type - HT22 mouse hippocampal cells

Get tips on using Wizard® Plus Midipreps DNA Purification System Technical Bulletin to perform Plasmid Isolation Proteus mirabilis

Get tips on using CytoTox 96® Non-Radioactive Cytotoxicity Assay to perform Live / Dead assay mammalian cells - mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages

Get tips on using Gentra Puregene Blood Kit to perform DNA isolation / purification Cells - Primary cells Bone marrow mononuclear cells

As autophagy is a multi-step process which includes not just the formation of autophagosomes, but most importantly, flux through the entire system, including the degradation upon fusion with lysosomes, which makes it quite challenging for detection. There are several methods for detection in mammalian cells, including immunoblotting analysis of LC3 and p62 and detection of autophagosome formation/maturation by fluorescence microscopy, Currently, there is no single “gold standard” for determining the autophagic activity that is applicable in every experimental context, hence it is recommended to go for the combined use of multiple methods to accurately assess the autophagic activity in any given biological setting.