Site Directed Mutagenesis (SDM) Mouse Deletion

Get tips on using Smad1 Antibody (A-4): sc-7965 to perform Western blotting Smad1

Get tips on using Recombinant Anti-Smad4 antibody [EP618Y] (ab40759) to perform Western blotting Smad4

Get tips on using Smad4 Antibody (B-8): sc-7966 to perform Western blotting Smad4

Get tips on using Smad2 Antibody (YZ-13): sc-101153 to perform Western blotting Smad2

Get tips on using Anti-Smad2 (phospho S467) antibody (ab53100) to perform Western blotting Smad2

Get tips on using Phospho-SMAD2 (Ser465, Ser467) Monoclonal Antibody (H.205.4) to perform Western blotting Smad2

ROS has a very short half-lives in biological environment as they are influenced by exposure to ambient oxygen. As it is highly reactive and hard to measure care should be taken to ensure the stability of the sample during isolation, preparation, storage, and analysis.

Get tips on using Recombinant Anti-alpha smooth muscle Actin antibody [E184] (ab32575) to perform Western blotting Smooth muscle actin

DNA-protein interactions are studied by using ChIP. The basic steps in this technique are crosslinking, sonication, immunoprecipitation, and analysis of the immunoprecipitated DNA. During ChIP, if chromatin is under-fragmented or fragments are too large which can lead to the increased background and lower resolution. Shorter cross-linking times (5-10 min) and/or lower formaldehyde concentrations (<1%) may improve shearing efficiency. If Chromatin is over-fragmented, then optimize shearing conditions for each cell type to improve ChIP efficiency. Over-sonication of chromatin may disrupt chromatin integrity and denature antibody epitopes. If you do not see any product or very little product in the input PCR reactions, add 5–10 μg chromatin per IP.

DNA-protein interactions are studied by using ChIP. The basic steps in this technique are crosslinking, sonication, immunoprecipitation, and analysis of the immunoprecipitated DNA. During ChIP, if chromatin is under-fragmented or fragments are too large which can lead to the increased background and lower resolution. Shorter cross-linking times (5-10 min) and/or lower formaldehyde concentrations (<1%) may improve shearing efficiency. If Chromatin is over-fragmented, then optimize shearing conditions for each cell type to improve ChIP efficiency. Over-sonication of chromatin may disrupt chromatin integrity and denature antibody epitopes. If you do not see any product or very little product in the input PCR reactions, add 5–10 μg chromatin per IP.