Publication protocol
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase type 2 and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein type 7 (TIMP-2*IGFBP-7), kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1), interleukin-18 (IL-18), and liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) were measured on the urine samples collected at baseline (prior to CPB initiation) and then at 2, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours following CPB initiation. TIMP-2*IGFBP-7 was measured using the Astute® 140 meter (Astute Medical, Inc., San Diego, California). The authors have previously reported the cut-off points of TIMP-2*IGFBP-7 associated with AKI [20]. Urine NGAL was measured using a commercially available assay (NGAL ELISA Kit 036; Bioporto, Grusbakken, Denmark) that specifically detects human NGAL [26]. The intra-assay CV was 2.1% and inter-assay variation was 9.1%. Urine IL-18 (Kit 7625) and L-FABP (Kit Z-001) were measured using commercially available ELISA kits (Medical & Biological Laboratories Co., Nagoya, Japan and CMIC Co., Tokyo, Japan, respectively) per manufacturer’s instructions. Intra-assay CV for IL-18 and L-FABP were 7.3% and 6.1% respectively. Interassay CV were 7.5% and 10.9% for IL-18 and L-FABP respectively. The urine KIM-1 ELISA was performed using validated commercially available reagents (Duoset DY1750, R & D Systems, Inc., Minneapolis, MN) as previously described.
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