Wound healing assay cell type rat

Short hairpin or small hairpin RNA (shRNA) is artificial RNA, which has a hairpin loop structure, and uses inherent microRNA (miRNA) machinery to silence target gene expression. This is called RNA interference (RNAi). These can be delivered via plasmids or viral/bacterial vectors. Challenges in shRNA-mediated gene silencing include 1. Off-target silencing, 2. Packaging shRNA encoding lentivirus, and 3. Stable transduction in cells. RNAi has been designed to have anywhere from 19-27 bs, but the most effective design has 19 bp. In case commercial shRNAs are not available, potential target sites can be chosen within exon, 5’- or 3’ UTR, depending on which splice variants of the gene are desired. One should use the latest algorithms and choose at least two different sequences, targeting different regions, in order to have confidence in overcoming off-target effects. A BLAST search after selecting potential design will eliminate potential off-target sequences. For the second challenge, sequencing the vector using primers for either strand (50-100 bp upstream) is suggested, along with using enzymatic digestion on agarose gel for the vector. Next, once the shRNA-containing vector is packaged in a virus, it is important to check the viral titer before transduction. Finally, using a marker in the lentiviral vector (fluorescent protein or antibiotic resistance), along with qPCR for target gene expression can help in determining the efficacy of transduction and shRNA on its target site.

Get tips on using CellROX™ Deep Red Reagent, for oxidative stress detection to perform ROS assay cell type - U87

Get tips on using Anti-LC3B antibody (ab48394) to perform Autophagy assay cell type - U2OS (human bone osteosarcoma epithelial cells)

Get tips on using LC3B Antibody Kit for Autophagy to perform Autophagy assay cell type - Human neural progenitor cells (NPC)

Get tips on using DeadEnd™ Colorimetric TUNEL System to perform TUNEL assay cell type - Islets of langerhans (Beta cells)

Get tips on using DeadEnd™ Fluorometric TUNEL System to perform TUNEL assay cell type - HeLa cells human cervical cancer