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Get tips on using Galacto-Star™ β-Galactosidase Reporter Gene Assay System for Mammalian Cells to perform Reporter gene assay β-galactosidase substrates - BHK-21 baby hamster kidney cells

Get tips on using CelLytic™ MT Cell Lysis Reagent to perform Protein isolation Mammalian cells - Human aortic endothelial cells

Get tips on using N788 phenol-free total RNA purification kit to perform RNA isolation / purification Bacteria - Gram negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Get tips on using QIA33 | FragEL™ DNA Fragmentation Detection Kit, Colorimetric - TdT Enzyme to perform Apoptosis assay cell type - Human endometrial stromal cells

Get tips on using Lipofectamine® 2000 Transfection Reagent to perform DNA transfection Mammalian cells - Immortalized cell lines Chang Liver cells

DNA ladder is typically used as a reference to estimate the size of unknown DNA samples that are separated based on their mobility in an electrical field. The critical points for running a DNA ladder are compatibility with running buffer, agarose gel percentage, and choosing the correct range of DNA ladder for sizing DNA molecules.

DNA-protein interactions are studied by using ChIP. The basic steps in this technique are crosslinking, sonication, immunoprecipitation, and analysis of the immunoprecipitated DNA. During ChIP, if chromatin is under-fragmented or fragments are too large which can lead to the increased background and lower resolution. Shorter cross-linking times (5-10 min) and/or lower formaldehyde concentrations (<1%) may improve shearing efficiency. If Chromatin is over-fragmented, then optimize shearing conditions for each cell type to improve ChIP efficiency. Over-sonication of chromatin may disrupt chromatin integrity and denature antibody epitopes. If you do not see any product or very little product in the input PCR reactions, add 5–10 μg chromatin per IP.

DNA-protein interactions are studied by using ChIP. The basic steps in this technique are crosslinking, sonication, immunoprecipitation, and analysis of the immunoprecipitated DNA. During ChIP, if chromatin is under-fragmented or fragments are too large which can lead to the increased background and lower resolution. Shorter cross-linking times (5-10 min) and/or lower formaldehyde concentrations (<1%) may improve shearing efficiency. If Chromatin is over-fragmented, then optimize shearing conditions for each cell type to improve ChIP efficiency. Over-sonication of chromatin may disrupt chromatin integrity and denature antibody epitopes. If you do not see any product or very little product in the input PCR reactions, add 5–10 μg chromatin per IP.

Get tips on using SV Total RNA Isolation System to perform RNA isolation / purification Bacteria - Gram positive Staphylococcus saprophycitius

Get tips on using High Pure RNA Isolation Kit to perform RNA isolation / purification Bacteria - Gram positive Staphylococcus saprophycitius