Protein Expression Eukaryotic cells HeLa R19

Get tips on using pCX-puro-mouFSH to perform Protein Expression Eukaryotic cells - CHO mouse FSH

Get tips on using pHR-CMV-TetO2-CD45 to perform Protein Expression Eukaryotic cells - HEK293 CD45

Cell cycle can be challenging due to difference introduced by sample handling, timing, and difference within the sample. Downstream instriuments to analyse cell cycle (Multicolor flow cytometry and multicolor imaging) can answer these challenges. Relevant markers can be combined with cell phenotyping markers to look at events within subpopulations of cells.

Cell cytotoxicity assays measure the ability of certain compounds or chemical mediators to reduce the viability of the cells. The term cell cytotoxicity assay can sometimes be used interchangeably with cell proliferation assay. Healthy living cells can be identified by the use of formazan dyes, protease biomarkers or by measuring ATP content. The formazan dyes are chromogenic products formed by the reduction of tetrazolium salts by dehydrogenases, such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and reductases that are released during cell death. Common tetrazolium salts include INT, MTT, MTS and XTT. Cell cytotoxicity can also be measured by using the SRB and WST-1 assays. These assays can usually be used in a high-throughput fashion and can be quantitated by measuring absorbance, colorimetry or luminescence. All these assays require similar numbers of cell plating at the initiation, a time course of treatment with the cytotoxic agent and at least triplicates for each condition at every point of analysis. Cell shrinkage, plasma membrane blebbing, cell detachment, externalization of phosphatidylserine, nuclear condensation and ultimately DNA fragmentation are well-described features of apoptosis. The assays that rely on cell membrane integrity for their function, may not be able to quantify early apoptosis. Therefore, in order to distinguish early apoptotic vs. late apoptotic or necrotic cells, additional flow cytometry techniques can be used. A combination of Annexin V and PI (propidium iodide) can be used to distinguish early (Annexin V+/PI-) and late apoptotic (Annexin V+/PI+) cells. Sometimes, caspase assays are used in order to differentiate the stages of apoptosis.

Get tips on using pPIC-xyn11B to perform Protein Expression Eukaryotic cells - P. pastoris Penicillium oxalicum xyn11B

Get tips on using pPIC-xyn11A to perform Protein Expression Eukaryotic cells - P. pastoris Penicillium oxalicum xyn11A

Get tips on using pPIC-xyn10B to perform Protein Expression Eukaryotic cells - P. pastoris Penicillium oxalicum xyn10B

Get tips on using pPIC-xyn10A to perform Protein Expression Eukaryotic cells - P. pastoris Penicillium oxalicum xyn10A

Get tips on using pPIC9K-anPhyA to perform Protein Expression Eukaryotic cells - P. pastoris Aspergillus niger PhyA

Get tips on using pPIC9/MoL to perform Protein Expression Eukaryotic cells - P. pastoris M. oleifera lectin