siRNA / miRNA gene silencing Human MCF-7

Reporter gene assays enable high sensitivity measurement of gene expression and cell signaling through the addition of bioluminescent genes into target cells. One of the major challenges is to make a specific construct that has no responses other than those related to the signaling pathway of interest. This can be achieved by selecting highly specific reporter constructs containing only defined responsive elements and a minimal promoter linked to reporter enzymes such as luciferase

Get tips on using Hs_TET3_2 FlexiTube siRNA to perform siRNA / miRNA gene silencing Human - HCT-116 TET3(TET methylcytosine dioxygenase 3)

Get tips on using OCT4-PG1 siRNA to perform siRNA / miRNA gene silencing Human - hES cell line H1 (WA01) OCT4-PG1

Get tips on using siRNA MAPKAPK-2 to perform siRNA / miRNA gene silencing Human - U937 MK2 (MAPK Kinase 2) Viral vectors

Get tips on using siRNA MAPKAPK-2 to perform siRNA / miRNA gene silencing Human - Jurkat MK2 (MAPK Kinase 2) Viral vectors

Short hairpin or small hairpin RNA (shRNA) is artificial RNA, which has a hairpin loop structure, and uses inherent microRNA (miRNA) machinery to silence target gene expression. This is called RNA interference (RNAi). These can be delivered via plasmids or viral/bacterial vectors. Challenges in shRNA-mediated gene silencing include: 1. Off-target silencing, 2. Packaging shRNA encoding lentivirus, and 3. Stable transduction in cells. RNAi have been designed to have anywhere from 19-27 bs, but the most effective design has 19 bp. In case commercial shRNAs are not available, potential target sites can be chosen within exon, 5’- or 3’ UTR, depending on which splice variants of the gene are desired. One should use the latest algorithms and choose at least two different sequences, targeting different regions, in order to have confidence in overcoming off-target effects. A BLAST search after selecting potential design will eliminate potential off-target sequences. For the second challenge, sequencing the vector using primers for either strand (50-100 bp upstream) is suggested, along with using enzymatic digestion on agarose gel for the vector. Next, once the shRNA-containing vector is packaged in a virus, it is important to check the viral titer before transduction. Finally, using a marker in the lentiviral vector (fluorescent protein or antibiotic resistance), along with qPCR for target gene expression can help in determining efficacy of transduction and shRNA on its target site.

Get tips on using 14-3-3ζ siRNA(h) to perform siRNA / miRNA gene silencing Human - Caco-2 14‐3‐3ζ

Get tips on using MISSION® esiRNA_ human CCL2 to perform siRNA / miRNA gene silencing Human - U251 CCL2

Get tips on using Silencer® Select Negative Control No 1 siRNA to perform siRNA / miRNA gene silencing Human - siRNA negative control Lipid

Wound healing assay can be challenging due to inconsistencies and variations while making a wound on the confluent cell monolayer, consequently leads to wounds of varying sizes and widths. Moreover, this assay causes damage to the cells that are at the edge of the wound, which can prevent cell migration into the wound site and healing. The best solution is to use the standard wound healing assay kits using either combs or inserts to make a defined wound field or gap and prevent the well-to-well variation in these assays.