siRNA / miRNA gene silencing Mouse NIH-3T3

Get tips on using EZ DNA Methylation kit to perform DNA methylation profiling Whole genome profiling - mouse liver tissue

Get tips on using EZ DNA Methylation kit to perform DNA methylation profiling Whole genome profiling - mouse hippocampal tissue

Get tips on using MethylMiner Mehtylated DNA Enrichment Kit to perform DNA methylation profiling Whole genome profiling - mouse iPSCs

Get tips on using Muse® Cell Cycle Assay Kit to perform Cell cycle assay mouse - RAW 264.7

Get tips on using TIANamp Genomic DNA Kit to perform DNA isolation / purification Cells - Primary cells Mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF)

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been greatly used for studies on embryonic development and cell differentiation.iPSCs provide a stable source for either self-renewal or differentiation into suitable cells when cultured in a particular environment. Pluripotent cell culture was originally started by deriving cells from inner cell mass (ICM) from pre-implanted blastocysts, these were called embryonic stem cells. These cells after isolation can be grown on traditional extracellular matrices (like mouse embryonic fibroblasts, MEFs) or feeder-free culture systems. DMEM/F12 has been the most commonly used basal media in the culture of pluripotent cells. These cells are cultured at normal atmospheric oxygen levels, 21%, however, some studies have proposed that 4% oxygen tension may be better for hESC growth. Higher D-glucose concentration (4.2g/l) and osmolarity (320mOsm) that mimics the natural environment of embryonic tissue are optimal for the growth of hESCs. Supplements like N2 and/or B-27, in the presence of growth factors like bFGF, have been shown to increase pluripotency of these cells. bFGF, FGF2 and other ligands of receptor tyrosine kinases like IGF are also required or maintain self-renewal ability of these cells. TGF𝛃1, by its activation of SMAD2/3 signalling, also represses differentiation of iPSCs. Other compounds like ROCK inhibitors reduce blebbing and apoptosis in these cells to maintain their clonogenicity. However, an inhibitor for LIF (leukaemia inhibitory factor, which is one of the pluripotent genes) has an opposing effect. Therefore, it is important to understand the culture conditions and media composition that affect downstream signalling in hESCs or iPSCs that may lead to their differentiation.

Get tips on using GeneChip Rhesus Macaque Genome Array to perform Microarray Gene expression arrays - Rhesus monkey brain tissue Biotin

Get tips on using EpiTect Bisulfite Kit to perform DNA methylation profiling Whole genome profiling - mouse T-cell (CD4 / CD8)

Get tips on using EZ DNA Methylation kit to perform DNA methylation profiling Whole genome profiling - C2C12 mouse myoblast cells

Get tips on using EZ DNA Methylation kit to perform DNA methylation profiling Whole genome profiling - mouse primordial germ cells