rna-isolation-purification-cells-primary-rat-cortical-neurons

Get tips on using GeneChip® Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array to perform Microarray Human - Endometrial stromal cells Expression array

A PCR reaction consists of the template DNA, two primers covering the amplification site, an enzyme, and buffers. Multiplexing such a reaction amplifies the design challenges where one target requires 3 primers, which should be exclusively bound nowhere in the template DNA or to each other. Similarly, two targets require 6, three require 9, and so on. Each amplicon needs to be either a different size (for gels) or labeled with a different fluorescent tag that is spectrally distinct from the others in the reaction. Further complicating this, different targets in the reaction can compete with each other for resources and causes more challenges in the detection of amplicons. However, with proper primer designing, their validation, optimize quality and concentration of the enzyme and buffers certainly lead to a successful multiplex PCR reaction.

A PCR reaction consists of the template DNA, two primers covering the amplification site, an enzyme, and buffers. Multiplexing such a reaction amplifies the design challenges where one target requires 3 primers, which should be exclusively bound nowhere in the template DNA or to each other. Similarly, two targets require 6, three require 9, and so on. Each amplicon needs to be either a different size (for gels) or labeled with a different fluorescent tag that is spectrally distinct from the others in the reaction. Further complicating this, different targets in the reaction can compete with each other for resources and causes more challenges in the detection of amplicons. However, with proper primer designing, their validation, optimize quality and concentration of the enzyme and buffers certainly lead to a successful multiplex PCR reaction.

TUNEL assay is the cell death detection method where the biochemical marker of apoptosis is DNA fragmentation. The assay involves the microscopical detection of generated DNA fragments with free 3'-hydroxyl residues. in apoptotic cells using enzyme terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) which adds biotinylated nucleotides at the site of DNA breaks. Major challenges of this method involve proper access of the enzyme which could be hampered by poor permeabilization and/or excessive fixation with cross-linking fixative (common with archival tissue). This issue can be resolved by optimizing the incubation time with Proteinase K or CytoninTM.

Get tips on using In Situ Cell Death Detection Kit, Fluorescein to perform TUNEL assay cell type - Islets of langerhans (Beta cells)

Get tips on using In Situ Cell Death Detection Kit, TMR red to perform TUNEL assay cell type - Mouse skeletal muscle cells

Get tips on using Senescence β-Galactosidase Staining Kit - Cell Signaling to perform Reporter gene assay β-galactosidase substrates - adipose stem cells

Get tips on using LIVE/DEAD™ Fixable Aqua Dead Cell Stain Kit to perform Live / Dead assay mammalian cells - mouse keratinocytes

Get tips on using Gibco™IMDM, powder to perform Stem cell Differentiation media hPSCs or iPSCs differentiation into Lung progenitor cells