siRNA / miRNA gene silencing Mouse Embryonic stem cells

Get tips on using Notch 1 siRNA (h) to perform siRNA / miRNA gene silencing Human - A2780 Notch 1

Get tips on using NGFR p75 siRNA (h) to perform siRNA / miRNA gene silencing Human - HUVEC NGFR p75

Get tips on using siGENOME Rat Epor siRNA to perform siRNA / miRNA gene silencing Rat - H19-7 EpoR

Get tips on using connexin 43 siRNA (r) to perform siRNA / miRNA gene silencing Rat - RMC-1 Cx43

Get tips on using HMG-1 siRNA (r) to perform siRNA / miRNA gene silencing Rat - Astrocytes HMG-1

Get tips on using AMPKα1/2 siRNA (h) to perform siRNA / miRNA gene silencing Human - HepG2 AMPKα1/α2

Get tips on using CREB-2 siRNA (h) to perform siRNA / miRNA gene silencing Human - HUVEC ATF4 Lipid

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been greatly used for studies on embryonic development and cell differentiation.iPSCs provide a stable source for either self-renewal or differentiation into suitable cells when cultured in a particular environment. Pluripotent cell culture was originally started by deriving cells from inner cell mass (ICM) from pre-implanted blastocysts, these were called embryonic stem cells. These cells after isolation can be grown on traditional extracellular matrices (like mouse embryonic fibroblasts, MEFs) or feeder-free culture systems. DMEM/F12 has been the most commonly used basal media in the culture of pluripotent cells. These cells are cultured at normal atmospheric oxygen levels, 21%, however, some studies have proposed that 4% oxygen tension may be better for hESC growth. Higher D-glucose concentration (4.2g/l) and osmolarity (320mOsm) that mimics the natural environment of embryonic tissue are optimal for the growth of hESCs. Supplements like N2 and/or B-27, in the presence of growth factors like bFGF, have been shown to increase pluripotency of these cells. bFGF, FGF2 and other ligands of receptor tyrosine kinases like IGF are also required or maintain self-renewal ability of these cells. TGF𝛃1, by its activation of SMAD2/3 signalling, also represses differentiation of iPSCs. Other compounds like ROCK inhibitors reduce blebbing and apoptosis in these cells to maintain their clonogenicity. However, an inhibitor for LIF (leukaemia inhibitory factor, which is one of the pluripotent genes) has an opposing effect. Therefore, it is important to understand the culture conditions and media composition that affect downstream signalling in hESCs or iPSCs that may lead to their differentiation.

Get tips on using NEBNext® Multiplex Small RNA Library Prep Set for Illumina® to perform RNA sequencing Mouse - ESCs (Embryonic Stem Cells)

Get tips on using Silencer®_Faslg siRNA (r) to perform siRNA / miRNA gene silencing Rat - F98 Faslg