Immunohistochemistry Alpha smooth muscle Actin Mouse -NA-

Get tips on using Human/Mouse NLRP3/NALP3 Antibody to perform Western blotting NLRP3

Get tips on using TRIzol Reagent to perform RNA isolation / purification Cells - primary rabbit skeletal muscle-derived stem cells

Get tips on using Tissue or Cell Total Protein Extraction Kit to perform Protein isolation Tissue - Lamb muscle tissue

Get tips on using Mouse Prolactin ELISA to perform ELISA Mouse - PRL

Get tips on using Mouse Adiponectin ELISA to perform ELISA Mouse - Adiponectin

Get tips on using Mouse ANGPTL3 ELISA to perform ELISA Mouse - Angiopoietin-Like 3 (AngptL3)

Get tips on using CpGenome Universal DNA Modification Kit to perform DNA methylation profiling Gene specific profiling - MCF-7 Estrogen receptor alpha

Get tips on using Human/Mouse Active Caspase-3 Antibody to perform Western blotting Caspase-3

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been greatly used for studies on embryonic development and cell differentiation.iPSCs provide a stable source for either self-renewal or differentiation into suitable cells when cultured in a particular environment. Pluripotent cell culture was originally started by deriving cells from inner cell mass (ICM) from pre-implanted blastocysts, these were called embryonic stem cells. These cells after isolation can be grown on traditional extracellular matrices (like mouse embryonic fibroblasts, MEFs) or feeder-free culture systems. DMEM/F12 has been the most commonly used basal media in the culture of pluripotent cells. These cells are cultured at normal atmospheric oxygen levels, 21%, however, some studies have proposed that 4% oxygen tension may be better for hESC growth. Higher D-glucose concentration (4.2g/l) and osmolarity (320mOsm) that mimics the natural environment of embryonic tissue are optimal for the growth of hESCs. Supplements like N2 and/or B-27, in the presence of growth factors like bFGF, have been shown to increase pluripotency of these cells. bFGF, FGF2 and other ligands of receptor tyrosine kinases like IGF are also required or maintain self-renewal ability of these cells. TGF𝛃1, by its activation of SMAD2/3 signalling, also represses differentiation of iPSCs. Other compounds like ROCK inhibitors reduce blebbing and apoptosis in these cells to maintain their clonogenicity. However, an inhibitor for LIF (leukaemia inhibitory factor, which is one of the pluripotent genes) has an opposing effect. Therefore, it is important to understand the culture conditions and media composition that affect downstream signalling in hESCs or iPSCs that may lead to their differentiation.

Get tips on using Mouse Prolactin DuoSet ELISA to perform ELISA Mouse - PRL