DNA Damage Assay Human bronchial epithelial cells (hBE)

Get tips on using LC3A/B (D3U4C) XP® Rabbit mAb to perform Autophagy assay cell type - A549

Get tips on using PE Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kit I to perform Apoptosis assay cell type - K562

Get tips on using PE Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kit I to perform Apoptosis assay cell type - A2780

Get tips on using FITC Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kit I to perform Apoptosis assay cell type - OV2008

Get tips on using In Situ Cell Death Detection Kit, Fluorescein to perform TUNEL assay cell type - 3T3 L1 mouse adipose tissue

Get tips on using SIRT1 siRNA and shRNA Plasmids (h) to perform siRNA / miRNA gene silencing Human - PC3 (human prostate cancer cell line) SIRT1

Get tips on using Dead Cell Apoptosis Kit with Annexin V FITC and PI to perform Apoptosis assay cell type - OECM-1

Get tips on using CellROX™ Deep Red Reagent, for oxidative stress detection to perform ROS assay cell type - U87

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been greatly used for studies on embryonic development and cell differentiation.iPSCs provide a stable source for either self-renewal or differentiation into suitable cells when cultured in a particular environment. Pluripotent cell culture was originally started by deriving cells from inner cell mass (ICM) from pre-implanted blastocysts, these were called embryonic stem cells. These cells after isolation can be grown on traditional extracellular matrices (like mouse embryonic fibroblasts, MEFs) or feeder-free culture systems. DMEM/F12 has been the most commonly used basal media in the culture of pluripotent cells. These cells are cultured at normal atmospheric oxygen levels, 21%, however, some studies have proposed that 4% oxygen tension may be better for hESC growth. Higher D-glucose concentration (4.2g/l) and osmolarity (320mOsm) that mimics the natural environment of embryonic tissue are optimal for the growth of hESCs. Supplements like N2 and/or B-27, in the presence of growth factors like bFGF, have been shown to increase pluripotency of these cells. bFGF, FGF2 and other ligands of receptor tyrosine kinases like IGF are also required or maintain self-renewal ability of these cells. TGF𝛃1, by its activation of SMAD2/3 signalling, also represses differentiation of iPSCs. Other compounds like ROCK inhibitors reduce blebbing and apoptosis in these cells to maintain their clonogenicity. However, an inhibitor for LIF (leukaemia inhibitory factor, which is one of the pluripotent genes) has an opposing effect. Therefore, it is important to understand the culture conditions and media composition that affect downstream signalling in hESCs or iPSCs that may lead to their differentiation.

Get tips on using Senescence Detection Kit - Biovision to perform Reporter gene assay β-galactosidase substrates - H9C2